Aortic aneurysms are an ongoing medical issue specifically linked to men older than 65 with a moderate to long history of smoking. Throughout the years of smoking, the walls of the aorta or heart weaken and lose their ability to expand and retract. Aortic aneurysms are enlarged areas of the aorta that can split or rupture, which can cause complications including death.
While the condition itself has become less common in recent history, thousands of people still die from complications of aortic aneurysms every year. Men over the age of 65 are often recommended to receive an abdominal check to determine any issues they may face in the future. With careful screening and healthy body maintenance, many men affected by this condition can continue to live healthy and productive lives.
Causes of Aortic Aneurysms
There are several causes and risks factors of developing aortic aneurysms and thinned aorta walls. Men are more likely to have this condition, especially those with high blood pressure and/or cholesterol, and atherosclerosis, or hardened arteries. Other causes may include heart or stomach inflammation or infections and past injury in the area.
Smoking is the biggest risk factor as it directly increases the chance of a rupture in the aorta. The more time spent smoking, the more damage is likely to occur and worsen over time. Men are much more statistically likely to have this disease, especially if they're white and over the age of 65.
Genetics, previous family history, and a medical past of other aneurysms are also all risk factors that will point toward the probability of developing an aortic aneurysm. Having an informed family doctor with an accurate history of their patient's smoking and family history is essential in ensuring a patient has the preventative care they need to remain healthy.
Signs and Symptoms
An aortic aneurysm may have no symptoms for many years and only be discovered during a routine medical exam or because of another presenting issue. Depending on the location of the aneurysm, those affected may experience a range of symptoms that will encourage them to seek medical care.
If the aneurysm is thoracic, the affected individual may experience consistent pain in their chest and/or back, frequent coughing or a difficulty with swallowing. If the aneurysm is lower in the body, frequently called an abdominal aneurysm, symptoms may include consistent abdominal pain and a pulse or pulsing sensation below the belly button.
While an aortic aneurysm may not have clearly noticeable signs, if a rupture or tear occurs in the aorta, the affected individual will experience serious and intense pain and their blood pressure will dramatically drop. Preventative care and frequent medical visits are essential to avoid aorta ruptures and possible deadly complications.
Getting Treatment
There are several different treatments for aortic aneurysms depending on the size and symptoms of the condition. If the aneurysm is large enough, a doctor will recommend surgery to remove pressure or decrease the chances of tears and complications in the future. Medications may also be recommended to reduce future health risks.
Effective ways to minimize the chance of aortic aneurysms are to avoid smoking, exercising regularly based on doctor's recommendations and personal limitations, a healthy diet and controlled blood pressure and cholesterol.